Centre for Health Services Studies

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profile image for Annette King BSc (Hons), PG Diploma HSCM, MBA

Annette King BSc (Hons), PG Diploma HSCM, MBA

 

 

 

I am an experienced health and social care/policy researcher specialising in qualitative research methods and theory–informed empirical health research. My interest lies in applied health and social care research, organisation and management of health services, and the development and evaluation of health service and social care interventions and policy, using multi-disciplinary approaches.

My research focus is on contributing to systematic evidence for improving, reviewing and changing health and social care services, particularly for vulnerable service users and their relatives.

Research includes projects on the postural care needs of children with physical disabilities, an evaluation of a newly designed hospice community service, a pilot study to test the use of concordance therapy in diabetes in primary care, research on information-giving and long-term support in stroke, and into GP and practice nurse training.   I recently completed an investigation into developing new dissemination channels through commercialisation for one of our projects, and am currently working with colleagues on a systematic evaluation of a health improvement project.

Much of my research activity involves collaborating with colleagues from other universities and within the NHS.  The research I am involved in is funded by national funders, such as the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), and other national and local sources.  I am regularly involved in developing new research funding proposals.

As Academic Team Lead in Kent for the NIHR Research Design Service South East (RDS SE) until 2017, I managed the Kent team and work with RDS SE colleagues to take the service forward.  The RDS provides design and methods advice to health professionals and academic colleagues developing research funding proposals.  
Having worked in various research settings - in academia at the University of East London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, in government as a research analyst and the NHS as a research manager - I joined the University of Kent in 2007. 

I studied Sociology and Political Economy at City University, have a Post-graduate Diploma in Health and Social Care Management (de Montfort).  I am an alumna of the University of Kent Business School MBA (Merit) and the Ashridge NIHR leadership programme.

These professional qualifications have been enormously helpful in adding management skills to my research profile; and invaluable when working with colleagues from other walks of life!

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Also view these in the Kent Academic Repository

Articles
Hutton, E. and King, A. (2017) 'Parent/carer views on personal health budgets for disabled children who use rehabilitation therapy services', Disability & Society. Taylor & Francis, pp. 254-271. doi: 10.1080/09687599.2017.1398636.

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Personalised budgets are promoted as the person-centred alternative to generically provided services. Nine parents/carers of disabled children (aged 18 years or younger) who accessed at least two rehabilitation therapy services (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech and language therapy) were recruited from one region in England. Focus group / interviews explored their views on the proposed introduction of personalised budgets. Parents and carers viewed a personal health budget with caution and perceived benefits were tempered by their experiences of current provision. Concerns were raised about entitlement and how a personal budget would work in practice.
Treasure, T., King, A., Hidalgo Lemp, L., Golesworthy, T., Pepper, J. and Takkenberg, J. J. (2017) 'Developing a shared decision support framework for aortic root surgery in Marfan syndrome', Heart. BMJ Publishing Group, pp. 1-7. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311598.

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OBJECTIVE: The study is an early phase of development of a decision support framework for people with Marfan syndrome who are anticipating prophylactic aortic root surgery. Implications of the timing and the nature of the operation chosen were previously elicited in focus groups. In this step, we explored the range of relative values placed by individuals on the implications of decisions made about surgery. METHODS: Following the principles of the Ottawa Decision Support Framework, eight questions in the general form 'How important is it to you …' were framed by a panel. Marfan people, families and specialist doctors answered online. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. RESULTS: Worldwide, 142 responses were received including 25 specialist doctors. Respondents were 55% female and 46% had previous aortic root surgery. Overall, active lifestyle was more important to males (p=0.03). Patients placed more importance than doctors on not deferring surgery (p=0.04) and on avoidance of anticoagulation in the interests of childbearing (p=0.009). Qualitative analysis showed differing but cogently reasoned values that were sometimes polarised, and mainly driven by the wish to maintain a good quality of life and active lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: Given the cogency of these viewpoints, people anticipating root replacement surgery should have ample opportunity to express them and to have them acknowledged ahead of a consultation when they can then be fully explored in a mutually informed forum. If they differ from local medical practice, they can then be discussed in the process of reaching shared and individualised decisions.
Hotham, S., Hamilton-West, K., Hutton, E., King, A. and Abbott, N. (2017) 'A study in to the effectiveness of a postural care training programme aimed at improving knowledge, understanding, and confidence in parents and school staff', Child: Care, Health and Development. Wiley, pp. 743-751. doi: 10.1111/cch.12444.

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Background: Parents and school staff lack knowledge and confidence when providing postural care to physically disabled children. This can act as a barrier to the successful implementation of therapy. To address this problem, we developed a novel training programme to improve knowledge and confidence in providing postural care and evaluate the impact of the training programme in parents and school staff. Methods: The postural care training programme included three elements: a 2-h interactive workshop facilitated by physiotherapists and occupational therapists, a follow-up home/school visit and a follow-up telephone call. The Understanding, Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Postural Care for Children with Disabilities questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the impact and includes subscales assessing knowledge and understanding, concerns and confidence in providing postural care. The Understanding, Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Postural Care for Children with Disabilities questionnaire was completed at baseline and 6 weeks later. The training programme was delivered to N = 75 parents and school staff. Of these, N = 65 completed both baseline and follow-up measures and were used in the data analysis. Participants and therapists were also invited to provide further feedback on the overall training programme via interviews and focus groups. Results: Paired samples t-tests were used to determine statistically significant differences between baseline and follow-up scores for each of the three subscales. Mean levels of understanding and knowledge and confidence improved (P < 0.001), while concerns decreased (P < 0.001). Qualitative data were collected via interviews and group discussions providing an in-depth perspective on how participants experienced change. Discussion: Results suggest improvement in knowledge, understanding and confidence in parents and school staff that care for children with significant physical postural care impairments.
Holdsworth, L. M., Gage, H., Coulton, S., King, A. and Butler, C. (2015) 'A quasi-experimental controlled evaluation of the impact of a hospice rapid response community service for end-of-life care on achievement of preferred place of death', Palliative Medicine. SAGE, pp. 817-825. doi: 10.1177/0269216315582124.

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Background: Rapid response services operating 24?h a day have been advocated in UK health policy to support dying patients at home, though there is limited evidence of their effectiveness. Aim: To assess the impact of a rapid response hospice at home service (intervention) on people dying in their preferred place, and carer quality of life, compared to usual care (control). Design: Quasi-experimental multi-centred controlled evaluation. Patient data were collected from hospice records; carers completed postal questionnaires to report quality of life, anxiety and depression. Setting and participants: Community served by one hospice (three contiguous sites) in South East England; 953 patients who died with a preferred place of death recorded and 64 carers who completed questionnaires. Results: There was no significant difference between control and intervention groups in proportions achieving preferred place of death (61.9% vs 63.0% (odds ratio: 0.949; 95% confidence interval: 0.788–1.142)). People living at home alone were less likely to die where they wanted (0.541; 95% confidence interval: 0.438–0.667). Carers in the intervention group reported worse mental health component summary scores (short form-12, p?=?0.03) than those in the control group; there were no differences in other carer outcomes. Conclusion: The addition of a rapid response hospice at home service did not have a significant impact on helping patients to die where they wanted in an area already well served by community palliative care. Recording preferences, and changes over time, is difficult and presented challenges for this study.
Butler, C., Holdsworth, L. M., Gage, H., Coulton, S. and King, A. (2014) 'Results of a controlled evaluation of a hospice rapid response community service for end of life care', BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. The 10th Palliative Care Congress, BMJ. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000654.26.

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Background When faced with a life-limiting condition, most people would prefer to die at home but more than half continue to die in hospital. A 2011 systematic review concluded that there is only moderate evidence to show that home-based end of life teams reduce the likelihood of dying in hospital, though observational and descriptive studies suggest that home-based care with the capacity to respond rapidly to crises may improve the likelihood of dying at home. Aims The primary aim of the study was to assess the impact of a new rapid response service (in addition to usual hospice and community palliative care services) on patients dying in their preferred place of death (PPD). Secondary objectives were to evaluate carers' quality of life and the overall cost of providing end of life care. Methods Intervention: Hands-on care provided by trained Healthcare Assistants available day and night at 4 hours notice to support patients dying at home. Design: Quasi-experimental, multi-centred, controlled evaluation with embedded cost analysis. Results 953 patients died with a PPD recorded and 155 carers completed questionnaires. The number of people achieving their PPD was not statistically significantly different in the intervention and control groups (about 60%). Patients in the intervention group were more likely to wish to die at home and significantly more patients in the intervention group died at home. The carers of patients in the intervention group experienced more problems with their mental and emotional health than those in the control group. The rapid response service did not significantly add to the costs of providing end of life care in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusions Access to the rapid response service did not significantly affect whether patients died where they preferred.
Jenkins, L. M., Brigden, C. L. and King, A. (2013) 'Evaluating a third sector community service following stroke', Journal of Integrated Care. Pavilion, pp. 248-262. doi: 10.1108/JICA-05-2013-0015.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the needs of stroke survivors and the impact of a Life After Stroke service on users, and to explore the effectiveness of a service provided by a third sector organisation working closely with other stroke service provision. Design/methodology/approach – Review of management documents and reports, polling views of 128 service users through a nationally recognised survey designed to assess the service impact, and using interviews and focus groups to gain a deeper understanding of the value and impact of the service from a range of professionals involved with delivering stroke care. Survey response rates were similar to that experienced nationally and the age/gender profile of respondents suggested they were representative. Findings – The service was highly regarded by service users as providing personal, practical and emotional support from people who were knowledgeable and accessible in acute hospitals. From the wider perspective, professionals involved in the stroke pathway saw the service as complementing the acute hospital provision and the stroke community nursing team. The organisation providing the support service worked effectively across health and social care boundaries and built on their existing links and trusted relationships. Originality value – This adds to the evidence that the personal impact of stroke is substantial, and on being discharged from acute care many survivors will still have considerable needs. For those responsible for meeting these needs, the particular model of delivering stroke support evaluated here has been found to have considerable merits and resilience in the changing landscape of tighter resources and NHS restructuring.
Hamilton-West, K. E., Rowe, J., Katona, C., King, A., Coulton, S., Milne, A., Alaszewski, A., Ellis, K. and Pinnock, H. (2013) 'A concordance therapy to help older people self-manage type 2 diabetes', Diabetes and Primary Care. SB Communications Ltd, pp. 240-248. Available at: http://www.diabetesandprimarycare.co.uk/journal-content/view/a-concordance-therapy-to-help-older-people-self-manage-type-2-diabetes.

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Active self-management of diabetes is essential for reducing the risk of serious complications. However, research indicates that many people with diabetes struggle to adhere to complex self-management regimens. Here, the authors describe the development of an intervention – a "concordance therapy" – to support diabetes self-management. The approach uses techniques from cognitive behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing to help people with diabetes and healthcare professionals work together to develop self-management regimens that are realistic and that work for the individual. Following development work, the intervention was piloted with a sample of older adults who had inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes. The authors' findings are presented, along with their considerations for future work in the area.
Holdsworth, L. M. and King, A. (2011) 'Preferences for end of life: views of hospice patients, family carers, and community nurse specialists', International Journal of Palliative Nursing. MA Healthcare Ltd, pp. 251-255. doi: 10.12968/ijpn.2011.17.5.251.

Abstract | View in KAR

An exploratory qualitative study was undertaken with the aim of identifying issues around discussing and recording preferences on place of death from the perspective of hospice patients, carers, and hospice community nurses. A purposive sample was selected from three hospices in the south east of England of six community nurse specialists (CNSs), five patients. five carers. and five bereaved carers. The patients and carers said it was important to them to discuss their preferences. but they acknowledged that discussing dying was difficult. The CNSs stated that there were several barriers that inhibited end-of-life discussions and that discussing preferences was not always a primary goal of care planning. It was felt among the service users, particularly the bereaved carers, that having more knowledge about what to expect of the dying process, knowing !:heir relative's wishes, and understanding [he role of hospice and palliative care could improve the experience of events leading up death.
Monographs
Holdsworth, L. M., King, A., Butler, C., Gage, H. and Coulton, S. (2015) Evaluation Of Pilgrims Hospices Rapid Response Hospice At Home Service: Summary of findings March 2015. Centre for Health Services Studies. Available at: http://www.kent.ac.uk/chss/docs/Hospice-at-Home-Summary.pdf.

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When faced with a life-limiting illness, most people say they would prefer to spend the end of their lives and die at home. However, we know that about half the people with cancer or long-term illnesses still die in hospital. Fewer than a quarter die in their own home. Patients are often admitted to hospital because of a crisis such as uncontrolled symptoms, carer fear or stress, or not having medication available when needed. Community based palliative care teams can help in such situations. In 2008 Pilgrims Hospices commissioned a review of the literature to understand what kinds of home care services provide the most benefit to patients at the end of their lives and their families. Though good quality evidence was scarce, the findings of the review suggested that successful services are able to respond rapidly, focus on supporting family carers at home and are available 24 hours a day seven days a week. Following these conclusions, Pilgrims Hospices developed the Rapid Response Hospice at Home service (Hospice at Home) to support people who are at the end of life and would like to die at home. The Hospice at Home service operates in addition to established hospice community services and is staffed by healthcare assistants (HCAs) who have been trained at the hospice. The HCAs are available day and night at four hours' notice to support patients in the last days of their lives or when they experience a crisis.
Jenkins, L. M., King, A. and Brigden, C. L. (2012) Evaluation of the Stroke Association's Life After Stroke Services in Eastern & Coastal Kent. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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The Stroke Association commissioned CHSS to evaluate the effectiveness of the Life After Stroke service in Eastern and Coastal Kent in meeting the needs of stroke survivors in the first twelve months after their discharge from hospital care. The evaluation was required to measure the impact of these support services on the lives of stroke survivors and their carers, also to assess the effectiveness of the way the service was being delivered and how well it was working with other agencies. The evaluation was conducted over a two year period, from May 2010 to April 2012. A mixed methods approach was taken to evaluate the Life After Stroke service. The quantitative approach was based on the views of 98 stroke survivors who completed postal questionnaires and on data from quarterly management reports. The qualitative part of the evaluation was face-to-face interviews and focus groups with stroke survivors, carers, with those providing the Life After Stroke service, and with a small number of wider stakeholders working in NHS acute hospitals and commissioning organisations.
King, A. and Jenkins, L. M. (2011) Practice Nurse and Long Term Conditions - what are the training needs?. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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1. This report describes findings from a survey of general practices in Kent and Medway, giving the views of practice managers and practice nurses with regard to training needs. The focus is on the training needs of nurses in general practice in order for them to run clinics for patients with long term conditions such as asthma, diabetes and heart disease. 2. The aims of the study were: To understand varying levels at which practice nurses across the county are working in the provision of care of patients with long term conditions, so that appropriate levels of training can be commissioned. To determine likely training needs which will then inform the training provision commissioned by the Kent & Medway General Practice Staff Training Team for practice nurses across the county. To provide Kent & Medway General Practice Staff Training Team with data relating to likely future training needs as a proxy for future course commissioning at a variety of levels.
Holdsworth, L. M. and King, A. (2010) Developing a Patient Preference Questionnaire for Place of Care When Dying Phase 2: Nursing home, primary care and secondary care settings. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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Meeting patient preferences for care at the end of life is a cornerstone of the Department of Health's End of Life Care Strategy. However, evaluating a service's impact on meeting these preferences depends upon its ability to understand and monitor patient preferences. The collection of patient preferences is patchy and there is little evidence in the literature on best practice for recording patient preferences on place of care and death. A good questionnaire for collecting preferences and specialised staff training should ensure that preferences are collected routinely and accurately.
Holdsworth, L. M. and King, A. (2009) Developing a patient preference questionnaire for place of care when dying: Phase 1 Hospices. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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The aim of this study was to develop a staff toolkit for obtaining preferences for place of care and death with palliative care patients. The toolkit was to include guidance and a set of questions acceptable to patients, carers and staff. The objectives were to: 1. Identify issues for collecting preferences from both the perspective of service users (patients and carers) and hospice staff. 2. Create a questionnaire for collecting preferences on place of care and death to be used by hospice staff.
King, A. and Jenkins, L. M. (2009) GP training capacity in East Kent - a research study. Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent.

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1. This research project was commissioned by NHS Eastern & Coastal Kent PCT (ECK PCT) as part of its clinical workforce development to look at reasons why there are comparatively fewer GP trainers and training practices in East Kent compared to other areas. ECK PCT wished to commission research to understand the current low level of provision among GP training and to use the research results to improve the provision of GP training placements in the NHS Eastern and Coastal Kent area. 2. The report summarises the findings of the various stages of the report, including the literature review, interview study, and survey and makes a number of recommendations.
Alaszewski, H. P., King, A., Alaszewski, A. and Potter, J. (2009) Communicating Information to Stroke Survivors. Executive Summary. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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This study explored current approaches to communicating information to stroke survivors and their relatives. The project's aim was to gain better understanding of information provision about stroke from health professionals. It explored the perspectives of stroke survivors, their carers and professionals. The study aimed to explore, through qualitative interviews, how information is provided, what works well in information giving, what the barriers to good information provision are and how these arise. The study helped develop an information toolkit for service providers, stroke survivors and relatives to engage in effective person-centred communication. The study is based on interviews conducted with health professionals in acute, community and primary care settings in East Kent and with a small sample of stroke survivors and carers. We interviewed 19 stroke survivors, 6 relatives and 23 health professionals (11 individually and 12 in 2 focus groups) involved in their care and support.
Alaszewski, H. P., King, A., Alaszewski, A. and Potter, J. (2008) Communicating Information to Stroke Survivors. A pilot study. Centre for Health Services Studies.

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This study explored current approaches to communicating information to stroke survivors and their relatives. The aim of this pilot project was to gain better understanding of information provision about stroke from health professionals by exploring the perspectives of the stroke survivors, their carers and professionals themselves. The study aimed to explore, through qualitative interviews, how such information is provided, what works well in information giving, what the barriers to good information provision are and how these arise. The research provided a step towards developing an information toolkit for service providers, stroke survivors and relatives to engage in effective person-centred communication. The study is based on interviews conducted with health professionals in acute, community and primary care settings in East Kent and with a small sample of stroke survivors and carers. We interviewed 19 stroke survivors, 6 relatives and 23 health professionals (11 individually and 12 in 2 focus groups) involved in their care and support. To protect individual identities, we have changed all names in our report.
Research reports (external)
Hutton, E., King, A., Hamilton-West, K. E. and Hotham, S. (2016) Understanding the support needs of disabled children and their families in East Kent. East Kent Hospitals University Foundation Trust.

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Title: Understanding the support needs of disabled children and their families in East Kent Objective: Explore the support needs of parents and carers of children with physical disabilities (< 18 years) within a therapy service in the South East of England. Method: Qualitative methods were used including focus groups and interviews with 9 parents/carers of children with a physical disability. Framework analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Results: Data was organised into the following themes. ? Parent and carer experiences of using services including direct experience of therapy services ? Education ? Organisation of services and access to information ? Impact of disability on family and carer life ? Experiences and views of personalised care. Conclusions: Parents and carers had varied experiences of therapy services. Parents and carers valued close relationships established over time when therapists had knowledge and understanding of their child and family situation. Families experienced most difficulty over the provision of equipment and poor liaison between different parts of the care system added to stress and frustration. Few parents and carers had knowledge or awareness of personal health budgets and were unsure about whether a personal budget would improve their access to or experience of therapy.
King, A. and Katona, C. (2010) Improving concordance in Older People with Type-2 Diabetes. Research for patient benefit. Available at: http://www.wmpresearch.org.uk/index.php/studies-complete-results-available/16-improving-concordance-in-older-people-with-type-2-diabetes.

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The evaluation utilizes a within-subjects design to evaluate: glycaemic control (HbA1c), cholesterol, depression, self-efficacy, health-related quality of life and illness perceptions before and after therapy.
Hamilton-West, K. E., Katona, C., King, A., Rowe, J., Coulton, S., Milne, A., Alaszewski, A. and Pinnock, H. (2010) Improving Concordance in Older People with Type 2 Diabetes (ICOPE-D), Final Report to the National Institute for Health Research. Annex A: Concordance Therapy Manual. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). doi: PB-PG-0906-10182.

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The purpose of this research is to help patients to control their diabetes more effectively, by allowing them to develop a greater understanding of their condition and increase their confidence to keep to necessary behaviour changes such as appropriate diet and regular exercise. The method used here is based on an 'adherence therapy' manual originally developed to help older people comply with their antidepressant medication. We think that this approach can be adapted to improve the extent to which people with diabetes stick to their treatment plans. We have selected this group of patients because diabetes presents a significant challenge, both to the patient and healthcare system. Diabetes is also increasingly common in the ageing population and can increase the risk of other serious conditions such as heart disease and stroke. If people can control their diabetes effectively, the risk of complications and further health problems can be reduced. In this study we compare patients' ability to control their diabetes before and after therapy by looking at blood test results and rating-scale scores. If the treatment is effective, we plan to conduct a larger study in which patients receiving adherence therapy will be compared with patients having usual treatment only. The larger study would also allow us to see if any changes are maintained over the long-term.
Conference or workshop items
Hotham, S., Hamilton-West, K. E., Hutton, E. and King, A. (2014) 'An evaluation of a postural care training package: Improving self-efficacy in parents and teachers who care for a physically disabled child', in. Division of Health Psychology Annual Conference (DHP). Available at: https://www.bps.org.uk/system/files/user-files/Division%20of%20Health%20Psychology%20Annual%20Conference%202014/poster_presentation_listing_v9.pdf#page=2.

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An evaluation of a postural care training package: Improving self-efficacy in parents and teachers who care for a physically disabled child. Background: Parents and teachers lack self-efficacy when providing postural care to physically disabled children. This acts as a barrier to the successful implementation of therapy programmes. To address this, a postural care training package was developed to improve self-efficacy. The aim was to evaluate this training package. Methods: Participants (N = 65) were recruited on to a 6-week training package that included a 2-hour interactive postural care workshop and follow-up one-to-one support by physiotherapists/occupational therapists. To assess effectiveness the UKC-PostCarD scale was utilised. This measures levels of knowledge, confidence and concerns in proving postural care and was completed at baseline (T1) and 6-weeks later (T2). Paired-samples t-test compared mean scores at T1 with T2 to establish the effectiveness of the package. Findings: Knowledge about postural care increased from T1 (M = 2.37, SD = .39) to T2 (M = 2.93, SD = .36). Confidence in providing postural care improved from T1 (M = 2.51, SD = .52) to T2 (M = 3.02, SD = .32). Finally, participants reported lower levels of concerns at T2 (M = 2.05, SD = .44) compared to T1 (M = 2.58, SD = .53). All differences were significant at p<.001. Discussion: The postural care training package enhances the self-efficacy of those responsible for the day-to-day postural care of children with disabilities. If made available more widely, it could improve collaborative working with benefits for disabled children and their families. As more physically disabled children attend mainstream schools this will be a timely and useful resource.
Hutton, E., Hamilton-West, K. E., King, A. and Hotham, S. (2013) 'A study into the effectiveness of a postural care education programme aimed at improving self-efficacy in carers of children with physical disabilities', in. The College of Occupational Therapists Annual Children & Young People Conference.

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Hutton, E., Hotham, S., Hamilton-West, K. E. and King, A. (2013) 'A study into the effectiveness of a postural care education programme aimed at improving self-efficacy in carers of children with physical disabilities', in. European Academy of Childhood Disability Conference.

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Hotham, S., Hamilton-West, K. E., Hutton, E. and King, A. (2013) 'A study in to the effectiveness of a postural care education program aimed at improving self-efficacy in carers of a physically disabled child', in. Division of Health Psychology Annual Conference (DHP). Available at: https://www.bps.org.uk/system/files/user-files/Division%20of%20Health%20Psychology%20Annual%20Conference%202013/poster_presentations_listing_v3.pdf.

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Hutton, E., Hotham, S., Hamilton-West, K. E. and King, A. (2013) 'A study into the effectiveness of a postural care education programme', in. College of Occupational Therapists 37th Annual Conference & Exhibition.

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Rowe, J., Coulton, S., Pinnock, H., Brice, R., Ellis, K., Jones, P., Katona, C., King, A., Hamilton-West, K. E. and Thomson, S. (2009) 'Improving Concordance in Older People with Type?2 Diabetes', in. Annual Conference of the European Health Psychological Society.

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Showing 25 of 29 total publications in KAR. [See all in KAR]
Information obtained from the Kent Academic Repository. The University of Kent official repository of academic activity.
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Last Updated: 08/06/2018