It is important to remember that malaria is a potentially fatal disease if not treated promptly.

Malaria is caused by the malarial parasite which is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female mosquito. It is prevalent mainly in tropical regions of the world - information is constantly being updated. It is important to get accurate advise on the malarial risk of the country and region you are visiting.

There are two lines of defence in the prevention of malaria: prevention of mosquito bites; and anti-malarial tablets. Both methods need to be used together to provide best protection.

1. Prevention of mosquito bites - by:

• Use of insect repellents (those containing 'DEET' are most effective).
• Avoiding exposure of the skin after sunset - wear long cotton sleeves and trousers.
• Use of insecticide impregnated mosquitos nets, and 'knock down' insecticides such as mosquitos coils or vaporisers. 

2. Anti-malarial tablets

• Most anti-malarial tablets work by killing the parasite once it has entered the bloodstream. Most need to be started 2-3 weeks before you travel and need to be continued 4 weeks after return (to kill any malarial parasites which may have been picked up just before you returned).
• No anti-malarial is 100% effective in preventing malaria, but they do vastly reduce your risk, and even if you do still contract malaria, the severity of the disease will be decreased.
• There are several different types of malarial parasite. In some regions of the world, the parasite has developed resistance to the more commonly used anti-malarials.

So the choice of anti-malarial is important - (don't just have some your friend has left over from that holiday in Thailand last year!)  The practice nurse can advice you as to which is suitable for you both in terms of your destination and your own health status.

Remember

If you develop a fever or flu like illness either during your stay in a malarious region, or up to a year after your return, always suspect malaria and seek medical advice.

Make an appointment with the practice nurse for travel health advice at least 8 weeks before your departure date if possible.

For further information go to www.malariahotspots.co.uk